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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 38

Question 370

Two OSPF routers share an Ethernet subnet, have matching area 0 and Hello/Dead timers, and can ping each other. A new interface ACL permits ICMP but denies IP protocol 89 between the peers. The OSPF neighbor disappears. What needs attention?

  1. Permit TCP destination port 89 and keep IP protocol 89 blocked.
  2. Permit OSPF protocol 89 control packets between the authorized neighbors while retaining other approved filters.
  3. Change the router DNS search suffix to match the peer.
  4. Lower both routers’ OSPF administrative distances to zero.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

OSPFv2 exchanges protocol 89 packets directly over IP rather than using TCP or UDP ports. Successful ICMP ping proves some Layer 3 reachability but not that OSPF Hello traffic can pass the ACL. The filter must allow the routing control protocol on the neighbor-facing segment for adjacency to form.

Incorrect Answers

A:

OSPF is its own IP protocol number, not a TCP service whose destination port happens to be 89. A TCP ACE will not pass the actual OSPF Hellos.

C:

DNS settings do not control OSPF packet admission or area negotiation. The stated filter is directly blocking the routing protocol.

D:

Administrative distance affects preference of learned routes, not the receipt of protocol 89 Hellos. The neighbor cannot form while control packets are denied.

Question 371

Two routers have an OSPFv2 point-to-point transit network VLAN 122 with only those routers connected. The engineer must avoid the DR/BDR election used by a multiaccess broadcast network. Which OSPF network type fits?

  1. An OSPF stub area to suppress every neighbor relationship.
  2. Point-to-point OSPF network type on the two transit interfaces.
  3. An IPv4 static default route instead of OSPF interface type configuration.
  4. Broadcast network type with manually selected DR priorities.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

OSPF point-to-point network type models a link with just two routing participants and does not elect a DR or BDR. It simplifies the adjacency relationship compared with the broadcast multiaccess type. Both ends must use compatible hello timers, area and authentication where configured; the Ethernet VLAN name does not itself select OSPF network type.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An area type affects LSA distribution policies and is not the interface network-type setting controlling DR elections. Neighbor establishment is still required.

C:

A default static route changes forwarding policy but does not modify the OSPF interface adjacency mode. The routers still use the configured network type.

D:

Broadcast networks perform a DR/BDR election, which the requirement explicitly wants to avoid. Selecting priorities does not make the type point-to-point.

Question 372

Two OSPF neighbors are in the same IPv4 subnet and area, and both interfaces send Hellos. R1 has `ip ospf priority 0` while R2 uses priority 100. Which role can R1 hold in a broadcast-segment election?

  1. R1 must become DR because priority zero indicates highest possible preference.
  2. R1 cannot exchange any OSPF Hellos after priority is set to zero.
  3. R1 must operate in a different OSPF area than R2.
  4. R1 can participate as a non-DR router but is ineligible for DR/BDR election because its priority is zero.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

OSPF interface priority controls eligibility for designated-router roles on multiaccess broadcast networks. A value of zero excludes the interface from DR/BDR election while still allowing ordinary neighbor participation with the elected DR/BDR. The other router’s larger priority does not make R1’s participation invalid.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Priority zero has the special meaning of being ineligible for DR and BDR. It is not the maximum election priority.

B:

Priority zero changes election eligibility, not whether the protocol sends or receives Hellos. It can still form normal adjacencies as appropriate.

C:

A neighbor link needs a common area; interface priority has no reason to change that area. Area mismatch would obstruct rather than repair adjacency.

Question 373

An IOS router has no explicit OSPF router-id. It has loopback IPs 10.0.0.5 and 10.0.0.99 and physical interface 192.0.2.200, all active when the OSPF process initializes. Which default router ID is selected by the usual IOS rule?

  1. 192.0.2.200 because the highest physical interface always overrides loopbacks.
  2. 10.0.0.99, the highest IPv4 address among the available loopback interfaces.
  3. 10.0.0.5 because the smallest loopback is chosen for stability.
  4. 0.0.0.0 because an OSPF process can never derive a router ID automatically.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Absent an explicit configured router ID, IOS commonly prefers the highest numbered loopback IPv4 address when choosing an OSPF router ID at process initialization. Physical interface 192.0.2.200 is numerically higher but does not override available loopbacks. Configure an explicit unique router ID if predictable identity across restarts is required.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Active loopback addresses take precedence under the ordinary IOS selection rule when present. The physical interface is not chosen merely because its IPv4 number is larger.

C:

The usual automatic choice is the highest eligible loopback IPv4 address, not the lowest one. Here the other loopback is .99.

D:

IOS supports router ID selection from suitable interface addresses. Manual configuration is recommended for stability but not mandatory in this example.

Question 374

A routed interface must participate in OSPFv2 area 0, but an existing network statement wildcard does not match its IPv4 address. What will normally happen until the matching configuration is corrected?

  1. The router sets its Ethernet port to trunk mode to match the wildcard.
  2. OSPF uses the wildcard as a DNS query pattern to resolve the subnet.
  3. OSPF is not enabled on that interface by the unmatched network statement.
  4. The interface automatically joins area 0 because all routed interfaces do so by default.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

An IOS OSPF `network` command selects interfaces whose addresses satisfy the configured address and wildcard conditions, then assigns them to an area. If the interface does not match any relevant statement and no direct interface OSPF enablement exists, it will not exchange ordinary OSPF Hellos. Correct the selection or use an appropriate interface-level command and verify adjacency.

Incorrect Answers

A:

OSPF selection uses IPv4 addresses and wildcard bits, unrelated to whether a routed link negotiates 802.1Q trunking. A VLAN mode change would not correct the statement.

B:

The wildcard is a bitwise interface-address match mask in the routing configuration, not a DNS search expression. It determines whether OSPF operates on the interface.

D:

OSPF does not indiscriminately enable itself on every routed interface. It needs a matching process network statement or interface-level configuration.

Question 375

Two eligible OSPFv2 paths to the same destination are learned in area 0. One route has total OSPF cost 20 and another has cost 55. No policy overrides exist. Which route is normally preferred?

  1. Always the path whose next-hop IP ends in the larger octet.
  2. The route with lower total OSPF cost 20.
  3. The path with the alphabetically first neighbor hostname regardless of cost.
  4. The cost-55 path because OSPF selects the largest metric as most trustworthy.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Within OSPF, shortest-path calculations compare total interface costs to the destination. When paths share the same OSPF route category and prefix, the path with cost 20 is preferred over cost 55. Administrative distance selects among competing route sources but does not reverse an OSPF metric comparison within the same protocol.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The numerical next-hop address does not outrank total path cost. IP values identify routers, while OSPF metrics select the preferred path.

C:

Hostnames are management labels and do not determine OSPF SPF metric preference. The advertised link-state costs drive the decision.

D:

OSPF cost is a shortest-path metric; smaller totals are preferred for otherwise comparable paths. A higher cost represents a less desirable route under normal SPF selection.

Question 376

On an OSPFv2 broadcast Ethernet network, a newly connected router has higher OSPF interface priority than the existing stable designated router. The adjacency comes up normally. Does the new router automatically replace the current DR?

  1. Yes; every OSPF Hello immediately replaces the DR with the highest interface priority.
  2. No; OSPF DR elections are ordinarily non-preemptive, so a higher-priority newcomer does not displace an established DR solely by joining.
  3. Yes; a larger router hostname makes the newcomer DR regardless of protocol state.
  4. No, because OSPF never elects any DR on Ethernet networks.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

OSPF routers elect DR and BDR on eligible broadcast segments to limit adjacency and flooding overhead. Interface priority influences elections, but a stable existing DR is not automatically replaced by a later neighbor with higher priority. A new election occurs when the segment’s DR state changes under normal protocol conditions.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Priority affects a new election, not unconditional preemption at each Hello. Otherwise brief neighbor joins could repeatedly destabilize the broadcast segment.

C:

OSPF uses numeric router ID and interface priority, not hostname order, when election criteria apply. The current established DR remains until an eligible election.

D:

Broadcast Ethernet is a typical multiaccess medium where OSPF uses DR and BDR election. The non-preemption point concerns replacement timing, not absence of election.

Question 377

An OSPFv2 router on a broadcast Ethernet VLAN sees a neighbor in `FULL/DR` state after database synchronization. What does `FULL` signify for that particular adjacency?

  1. The routers have completed required link-state database synchronization for their adjacency.
  2. The link is physically full duplex at the Ethernet PHY.
  3. The neighbor has just been discovered but has not exchanged its database.
  4. Every router on the entire OSPF network must now show FULL to every other router.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

OSPF FULL is the state in which adjacent routers have completed the exchange and synchronization necessary for that neighbor relationship. On a broadcast network, an ordinary router normally forms FULL with the DR and BDR, while two DROTHERs may remain 2-WAY with each other. FULL therefore conveys more than mere receipt of a Hello.

Incorrect Answers

B:

FULL is an OSPF neighbor state, not a duplex-speed indicator. Ethernet link mode must be verified using interface operational status.

C:

Initial neighbor recognition occurs in earlier OSPF states. FULL indicates successful completion of the adjacency synchronization sequence.

D:

Broadcast networks optimize adjacencies with a DR and BDR. DROTHER pairs can remain 2-WAY while still operating normally.

Question 378

The routing team configured OSPF on an Ethernet segment but wants to prevent one newly added router from becoming DR or BDR while still allowing OSPF neighbor participation. Which interface configuration applies?

  1. Set the router’s OSPF interface priority to 0 on the relevant broadcast network.
  2. Set its OSPF priority to 255, the highest supported priority.
  3. Set the OSPF dead interval to zero while retaining normal neighbor discovery.
  4. Disable OSPF entirely on the interface and assume routes will still be exchanged through it.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

An OSPF broadcast interface with priority zero is ineligible for DR and BDR election but can still form appropriate adjacencies with elected designated routers. This is useful when edge equipment should participate in routing without serving as the segment coordinator. The setting is interface-specific and does not eliminate the routing process.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A larger nonzero priority makes the router more likely to win the election, which is opposite to the stated goal. Zero is the special ineligible value.

C:

Mismatched or invalid timer configurations can break neighbor relationships rather than only influence election eligibility. The goal is DR avoidance while retaining OSPF participation.

D:

Disabling OSPF also prevents the needed neighbor exchanges. Priority zero selectively excludes only the DR/BDR role on a broadcast segment.

Question 379

A branch OSPF process uses `passive-interface default`, and no neighbor adjacency forms on its intended uplink Gi0/1 despite correct area and IP addressing. The engineer must permit OSPF only on that trusted uplink. Which process-level adjustment fits?

  1. Remove all OSPF network statements from Gi0/1.
  2. Set the uplink OSPF administrative distance to 255.
  3. Configure `passive-interface GigabitEthernet0/1` again to force a neighbor.
  4. Apply `no passive-interface GigabitEthernet0/1` under the OSPF process while keeping other interfaces passive.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

`passive-interface default` suppresses OSPF Hellos on all participating interfaces unless they are explicitly exempted. Removing passive status only from the trusted transit uplink permits it to exchange Hellos and form neighbors, while user-facing interfaces can continue advertising connected networks without accepting adjacency. This follows least-exposure routing configuration.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Without an enabling network or interface OSPF configuration, the uplink cannot participate. The problem is suppressed Hello transmission, not excess enabled prefixes.

B:

Administrative distance affects the preference of learned routes, not whether this interface sends Hello messages. It would not correct passive status.

C:

Repeating the passive setting continues to suppress neighbor Hellos. The chosen trusted uplink needs the explicit no-passive exception.

Question 380

Two single-area OSPF routers exchange Hellos on Ethernet and reach 2-WAY, but the routing engineer expects every router on a four-router broadcast LAN to have FULL state with every other router. Which design rule addresses that expectation?

  1. Force every interface priority to zero so all routers become DRs.
  2. Assign a different OSPF area to each router to force FULL.
  3. FULL adjacencies are normally formed with the DR/BDR, while two DROTHER routers can remain 2-WAY on a broadcast segment.
  4. Disable OSPF on the DR and BDR to make DROTHER peers automatically adjacent.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A broadcast OSPF network uses a designated router and backup to avoid maintaining a full mesh of database adjacencies. Two non-DR routers recognize each other as neighbors in 2-WAY state without necessarily synchronizing full adjacency directly. Inspect the DR/BDR relationships before declaring those pairs defective.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Priority zero excludes routers from DR/BDR election and would not create the desired full mesh. At least one eligible router is needed for the ordinary broadcast design.

B:

Area mismatch prevents the ordinary neighbor relationship, rather than increasing adjacency coverage. Peers on the same segment need compatible area settings.

D:

Removing the elected routers is disruptive and does not make broadcast OSPF require a complete adjacency mesh. The expected state is a feature of the network type.