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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 36

Question 350

A branch uses a single uplink and has a reachable 0.0.0.0/0 static route. A specific server subnet must instead use a private WAN next hop. How should the router direct only the server traffic?

  1. Install a more-specific route for the server prefix via the private WAN next hop.
  2. Change the server VLAN name without modifying the route table.
  3. Replace the default route with a route to only the server subnet.
  4. Keep two identical /0 routes and rely on DNS to select the private WAN.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Packet forwarding uses the longest matching prefix among installed routes. Adding a specific server-subnet route causes that destination to use the private WAN while unrelated unknown destinations continue using the default uplink. Validate return routing and next-hop reachability; an additional /0 route alone cannot express this selective destination rule.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A VLAN label is Layer 2 configuration metadata and has no direct effect on an upstream router’s longest-prefix decision. The path must be expressed in the installed routing information.

C:

Removing the general default would break reachability to unrelated destinations that currently depend on it. The requirement is selective override, not elimination of Internet fallback.

D:

DNS returns addresses but does not tell an IP router to choose a next hop based on destination prefix policy. Identical default routes are too broad for one server subnet.

Question 351

An operator wants to remove one stale static route `ip route 10.105.137.0 255.255.255.0 GigabitEthernet0/1` while keeping the interface and other static destinations operational. Which configuration command directly removes the exact statement?

  1. `no ip route 10.105.137.0 255.255.255.0 GigabitEthernet0/1`.
  2. `shutdown` on GigabitEthernet0/1 to force the route out.
  3. `clear ip route *` as a permanent removal of the static configuration.
  4. `no ip routing` globally to delete all static routes.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

The IOS `no` form reverses a matching static-route configuration statement without disabling the physical link. Identifying the original destination, mask and exit interface removes only the intended stale entry. Afterward verify the remaining routing table and make sure a valid alternative path exists if hosts still need that subnet.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A shutdown would remove the physical path for other routes and services. The task is to delete one static route, not disable a shared interface.

C:

A routing-table clear is an operational action and does not substitute for deleting the saved `ip route` line. The undesired route may reappear.

D:

Disabling forwarding affects unrelated traffic and is much broader than the requested route-specific cleanup. Use the exact no form.

Question 352

A routed OSPF interface connects to a neighbor. Both ends use area 0 and matching network type, but the OSPF configuration protects Hellos with different authentication keys. Which symptom and remedy fit?

  1. Set a different IP subnet on the two connected interfaces to bypass neighbor authentication.
  2. Disable all OSPF routing at the site and use DHCP relay to transport LSAs.
  3. Neighbors fail authentication and adjacency; configure matching approved OSPF authentication parameters and keys.
  4. The authentication mismatch only changes the OSPF route metric after FULL adjacency forms.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Authenticated OSPF neighbors must agree on the supported authentication mode and credentials on their shared segment. A mismatch prevents reliable acceptance of protocol packets even when IP reachability and area identifiers are correct. Align the reviewed keying settings securely and confirm successful neighbor state without exposing secrets in logs.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Mismatched addressing typically makes the routing relationship worse and cannot solve the need for matching authentication. Both IP and security settings must be correct.

B:

DHCP relay forwards host address-configuration messages, not OSPF link-state advertisements. It does not repair a protocol authentication mismatch.

D:

Authentication protects the protocol exchange before a normal adjacency is established. An incompatible key is not merely a metric preference issue.

Question 353

A router has a user VLAN interface configured as OSPF passive. The connected subnet appears in OSPF routing advertisements, but no neighbor forms across that interface. Which conclusion is correct?

  1. The interface must always form a FULL adjacency with at least one PC before its subnet can be advertised.
  2. Passive-interface suppresses OSPF Hellos on that VLAN while permitting the connected network to be advertised when otherwise configured.
  3. OSPF passive-interface permanently removes the VLAN prefix from all OSPF advertisements.
  4. Passive mode forces the VLAN to elect an OSPF designated router from connected clients.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

OSPF passive-interface is commonly used on stub user-facing links that should be present in the routing domain without forming adjacencies to end hosts. It suppresses neighbor discovery traffic on the selected interface. An advertised network with no neighbors on that passive interface is therefore expected, not necessarily a routing failure.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Ordinary client workstations do not need to run OSPF for the router to advertise its local network. Passive-interface is specifically appropriate when no routing neighbors should exist.

C:

Passive mode suppresses Hellos and adjacency formation, but an otherwise valid connected network may still be advertised. Conflating neighbor suppression with route suppression misreads the behavior.

D:

An interface not sending OSPF Hellos cannot participate in ordinary DR elections with non-OSPF PCs. The feature prevents neighbor formation on the segment.

Question 354

An engineer wants the OSPF `network` statement to match subnet 10.94.129.112/28 in area 0. Which wildcard mask correctly corresponds to the shown prefix, rather than a subnet mask or exact-address matcher?

  1. 255.255.255.240
  2. 0.0.0.240
  3. 0.0.0.0
  4. 0.0.0.15

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

For /28, the subnet mask is 255.255.255.240; the OSPF wildcard is its bitwise complement, 0.0.0.15. Zero wildcard bits require an exact match and one bits allow differences, so this wildcard covers the specified prefix. This is the mask operand in IOS `network 10.94.129.112 0.0.0.15 area 0`, not the IPv4 interface netmask.

Incorrect Answers

A:

255.255.255.240 is the ordinary contiguous IPv4 subnet mask for /28, not its OSPF inverse wildcard. Using netmask bits as wildcard bits changes which interface addresses the network command matches, even though the bit pattern looks familiar.

B:

0.0.0.240 is another bit pattern, but the required wildcard is precisely 0.0.0.15 when each bit of 255.255.255.240 is inverted. An arbitrary nearby mask changes the set of interface addresses selected for OSPF and cannot represent this exact prefix.

C:

A 0.0.0.0 wildcard matches only a single, exactly specified address, rather than the entire /28 subnet shown. It is useful in a `network` command targeting one particular interface address but not when this whole prefix is intended.

Question 355

Two OSPFv2 routers share Ethernet VLAN 112. R1 uses area 14; R2 uses area 26. Their IP addresses and hello intervals match, but neither reaches FULL adjacency. Which setting directly explains the mismatch?

  1. A missing default static route in R1.
  2. OSPF router IDs must be numerically adjacent.
  3. The OSPF area IDs differ (14 versus 26) and must be consistent on the shared neighbor link.
  4. The Ethernet destination MAC tables need to be manually synchronized.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

OSPFv2 neighbor establishment checks area identity along with hello/dead timer and other interface parameters. Here the two peers explicitly use area 14 and 26, so they are not members of the same OSPF area on that segment. Correct the area assignment before considering changes to DR priority or default routing.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An OSPF adjacency on a directly connected subnet does not require an external default route. The protocol controls are rejecting the neighbor on the local link.

B:

Router IDs must be unique but do not need adjacent numeric values. The explicit defect is mismatched area ID on the peering interfaces.

D:

Switches learn source MAC addresses automatically; OSPF adjacency state depends on control-plane compatibility. A different area ID is not repaired by copying MAC entries.

Question 356

An OSPFv2 configuration is added to a router that already has a neighbor using router ID 10.10.10.10. The new router uses the same configured router ID, and adjacency does not stabilize. Which correction is required?

  1. Increase the IP MTU on only one neighbor while retaining duplicate router IDs.
  2. Assign a unique OSPF router ID to the new router and restart or reset the OSPF process as required for the change to take effect.
  3. Disable the OSPF `network` statement on the healthy router only.
  4. Use the same router ID on every OSPF router so they all advertise consistent topology.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

OSPF identifies routers inside the routing domain by a unique 32-bit router ID. Two routers advertising the same ID can confuse neighbor and LSA processing even when their interface IP addresses differ. Correct the duplicate value, then confirm the active process ID and neighbor state because a router-ID change may require process reinitialization.

Incorrect Answers

A:

MTU compatibility can affect database exchange, but it does not fix duplicate protocol identity. The required correction is uniqueness of the router identifier.

C:

Removing the healthy neighbor may hide the collision but breaks adjacency and route advertisement. Assigning a unique ID to the conflicting router is the direct fix.

D:

OSPF router IDs must be unique within the routing domain. Reusing one ID defeats the protocol’s ability to distinguish originators of routing information.

Question 357

A network engineer views OSPF neighbors on a broadcast Ethernet subnet. Two DROTHER routers show 2-WAY toward one another while each has FULL adjacency with the DR and BDR. What is the expected interpretation?

  1. The switch must disable STP to allow an OSPF database exchange.
  2. All OSPF routers must show FULL to every other router on a broadcast subnet.
  3. This can be normal on a broadcast OSPF network: DROTHER routers do not require full database adjacency to each other.
  4. The 2-WAY state always proves a duplex mismatch on Ethernet.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

OSPF uses the designated router and backup designated router to reduce adjacency scaling on a shared broadcast segment. DROTHER routers may remain at 2-WAY to one another while each forms FULL adjacencies to the DR/BDR. Adjacency alarms should therefore take the neighbor roles and network type into account.

Incorrect Answers

A:

STP controls Layer 2 loop-free topology; it is not inherently blocking OSPF simply because two DROTHER peers remain 2-WAY. The observed state can be correct protocol behavior.

B:

Full-mesh adjacency is not the normal requirement on broadcast multiaccess networks with DR election. The DR/BDR arrangement avoids unnecessary full database exchange between every pair.

D:

Duplex mismatch can cause packet problems but cannot be inferred solely from the expected DROTHER adjacency state. Check neighbor roles and actual interface errors separately.

Question 358

A Cisco router has OSPF process 10 with `network 10.40.0.0 0.0.255.255 area 0`, but GigabitEthernet0/2 is addressed 10.55.4.1/24 and is not participating. Which adjustment enables OSPF on the intended interface?

  1. Increase the OSPF router ID until its numeric value lies in 10.40/16.
  2. Change only the OSPF hello timer without addressing the missing interface selection.
  3. Configure the interface as a switchport trunk and remove its routed IP address.
  4. Add a matching OSPF network statement or a supported interface-level `ip ospf 10 area 0` command for GigabitEthernet0/2.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Cisco IOS OSPF `network` statements select interfaces whose IP addresses fall in the specified wildcard-defined range. The existing 10.40/16 matcher does not include 10.55.4.1, so that interface is not enabled by the statement. A matching statement or supported interface configuration can enable participation while preserving intended area membership.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The router ID identifies the router, not which interface IPv4 addresses match a network statement. It cannot make 10.55.4.1 match 10.40/16.

B:

Hello timers are used on OSPF-enabled interfaces. They cannot activate an interface that is not selected by the process configuration.

C:

Removing the routed interface address destroys the Layer 3 adjacency needed for this OSPF link. The correct change is OSPF interface selection, not Layer 2 trunk conversion.

Question 359

Four OSPFv2 routers on a newly brought-up broadcast Ethernet segment become eligible simultaneously, and no DR or BDR has yet been elected. Their interface priorities and router IDs are: R1 priority 0 router ID 10.1.1.10, R2 priority 50 router ID 10.2.2.11, R3 priority 100 router ID 10.3.3.12, R4 priority 1 router ID 10.4.4.13. Which router is elected DR?

  1. R1
  2. R3
  3. R4
  4. R2

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

On a broadcast network OSPF elects the DR by highest nonzero interface priority, using the router ID as a tie-breaker. R3 has priority 100 and ID 10.3.3.12, the highest eligible priority among these routers. The question specifies a fresh election: an existing DR would not ordinarily be preempted by a newly arriving higher-priority router.

Incorrect Answers

A:

R1 has priority zero and is ineligible to become DR or BDR, regardless of its router ID. OSPF gives priority zero a specific exclusion meaning on this broadcast segment.

C:

R4 offers interface priority 1, below the 100 on R3. Router ID compares only equal priorities; a potentially higher ID does not beat the candidate with higher priority in a fresh DR election.

D:

R2 offers interface priority 50, below the 100 on R3. Router ID compares only equal priorities; a potentially higher ID does not beat the candidate with higher priority in a fresh DR election.

Question 360

Two Cisco OSPFv2 routers have IP connectivity on one Ethernet subnet and matching area 0 IDs, but one interface uses 10-second Hello/40-second Dead timers and the other 30-second Hello/120-second Dead timers. Why does the adjacency fail?

  1. The timers do not affect adjacency and only influence link bandwidth reporting.
  2. Make the routers use identical hostnames because matching names is required for OSPF Hellos.
  3. The OSPF Hello and Dead intervals on the shared segment must match for a normal neighbor adjacency to form.
  4. Increase the client VLAN number so OSPF accepts the higher Dead interval.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

OSPF neighbors exchange Hello messages containing operational parameters, including timing expectations. A timer mismatch prevents normal neighbor processing even when the area and IP addressing agree. Align the approved Hello and Dead intervals on the relevant interfaces, then inspect neighbor state rather than changing unrelated route metrics.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Hello and Dead parameters are part of neighbor formation and liveness, not the normal route cost bandwidth formula. Their mismatch can stop adjacency.

B:

IOS hostnames are management labels, while OSPF uses router IDs, area settings and interface parameters. Changing the name does not resolve protocol timer differences.

D:

VLAN IDs govern Layer 2 segmentation; no VLAN-number arithmetic reconciles mismatched OSPF timers. The setting to correct is on the OSPF interfaces.