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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 34

Question 330

A router has static route `ip route 172.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.0.2.2`. The next hop resides on a healthy directly connected subnet but the routing table does not show the intended static route. Which basic command and detail should be checked?

  1. Increase the Ethernet duplex setting without confirming any interface fault.
  2. Enable native VLAN tagging on all infrastructure trunks so static routes become visible.
  3. Inspect `show ip route` and `show running-config` for the configured destination mask, next-hop resolution and any competing same-prefix route.
  4. Delete the entire OSPF configuration because dynamic and static routes can never coexist.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A correct-looking command line does not prove that a route is active in the RIB. IOS must resolve the configured next hop and select among other eligible sources for that identical destination prefix. Comparing the actual routing table with the running configuration helps identify a missing path, a mistyped destination or a more-preferred route.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Duplex can matter for physical link health but is not evidence of a routing-table selection problem on an otherwise healthy connected next-hop subnet. Start with route and config state.

B:

802.1Q tagging governs Layer 2 trunk handling and does not force an IPv4 static route into the router’s installed table. The RIB needs actual valid route prerequisites.

D:

Static and OSPF routes can coexist and compete according to prefix specificity and administrative distance. Removing OSPF indiscriminately would break other routes without proving why this one is inactive.

Question 331

A router must forward packets for all destinations that have no more-specific IPv4 route to ISP next hop 203.0.113.1. Which static route expresses that intent?

  1. `ip route 255.255.255.255 255.255.255.255 203.0.113.1` to catch all hosts.
  2. `ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.1` on a suitable Cisco IOS device.
  3. `ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 203.0.113.1` because zeros denote the entire network.
  4. `ip route 203.0.113.1 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0` to put the next hop first.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The IPv4 default prefix has a zero mask and matches all destinations if no more-specific installed prefix applies. Pointing it to a reachable ISP next hop provides a gateway of last resort for unknown remote networks. Validate the WAN neighbor and any security routing policy because a configured default does not override explicit more-specific paths.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A /32 host route addresses a single destination, not every unmatched network. The all-ones mask is the opposite of the default prefix.

C:

The /32 mask paired with 0.0.0.0 specifies only the all-zero address. The gateway of last resort requires a zero mask as well as a zero destination.

D:

Cisco static-route syntax specifies destination and mask before next-hop or exit interface. Reordering these fields does not create a valid default.

Question 332

A tracked IPv4 static default route should disappear when an otherwise reachable uplink can no longer reach a remote probe target, allowing a higher-distance backup through a second ISP. Why is merely checking Ethernet carrier insufficient?

  1. Because a physical Ethernet up state guarantees all Internet prefixes are reachable and tracking never adds information.
  2. Because DNS names and the switch hostname must match before a default static route can be installed.
  3. The primary link may stay physically up while upstream end-to-end reachability fails, so an approved track/IP SLA-based availability test is needed.
  4. Because lowering the backup distance to zero will make a broken primary provider route self-heal.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A router can have an operational WAN Ethernet port even when the provider path beyond its first hop is broken. Interface-only state therefore may leave a static default route installed despite effective outage. A supported tracking design can withdraw a primary route when a specified reachability probe fails, enabling the independent backup according to its distance and eligibility.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Link carrier only confirms local physical connectivity; it does not verify remote next-hop routing beyond that segment. A reachability monitor tests a different failure mode.

B:

Static default forwarding does not depend on matching administrative hostnames. Tracking is about path health, not naming consistency.

D:

Changing source preference does not repair provider reachability. It can also make the intended backup primary continuously, contrary to the stated failover design.

Question 333

A router’s OSPF route to 172.16.88.0/24 is removed, but a properly configured floating static route for the same prefix has a reachable alternate next hop. What should happen?

  1. The floating static can become the installed route after primary-route withdrawal.
  2. The router must drop the prefix permanently because its first route was OSPF.
  3. Both routes automatically continue forwarding despite OSPF being removed.
  4. The subnet becomes a directly connected route on the router without an interface.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

When the lower-AD OSPF candidate disappears, Cisco reevaluates other valid routes for the same prefix. The higher-AD static route may now be the best available source and be installed in the RIB. Its next-hop resolution and interface state still matter; the configuration does not guarantee alternate end-to-end reachability without validation.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Route source withdrawal triggers reevaluation of surviving candidates. A valid floating static is specifically intended to supply a fallback path.

C:

The withdrawn OSPF route is no longer an installed active forwarding candidate. Only surviving valid routes, such as the floating static, can carry traffic.

D:

A connected route derives from an active local interface prefix. Loss of OSPF information cannot manufacture such an interface or turn a remote network into a local link.

Question 334

Two neighboring /24 branches, 10.95.72.0/24 and 10.95.73.0/24, both use the same reachable next-hop 192.0.2.85. Which single IPv4 static summary represents exactly both networks?

  1. `ip route 10.95.72.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.85`.
  2. `ip route 10.95.72.0 255.255.254.0 192.0.2.85`.
  3. `ip route 10.95.72.0 255.255.252.0 192.0.2.85`.
  4. `ip route 10.95.73.0 255.255.254.0 192.0.2.85`.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The third-octet boundary 72 is even, so a /23 beginning at 10.95.72.0 covers both 72.x and 73.x. Its mask is 255.255.254.0 and both child networks use the same next-hop router. Summarization can reduce route entries without swallowing 74.x or unrelated branches.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A /24 matches only the first branch and leaves 10.95.73.0/24 uncovered by the aggregate. It does not satisfy the two-network request.

C:

A /22 covers four adjacent /24s, including 74.x and 75.x in addition to the requested pair. It would advertise a broader reach than approved.

D:

The supplied 73.0 address is not aligned to a /23 boundary. The correct aggregate begins at the even third octet 72.

Question 335

OSPF currently installs route 10.118.213.224/27 with administrative distance 110. A backup static for the SAME destination uses next-hop 198.51.100.113 but no explicit distance, and the OSPF route vanishes from the table. What must the backup command specify?

  1. Leave distance one and merely change the router hostname.
  2. Set administrative distance to zero to ensure the static waits until failure.
  3. A static administrative distance above OSPF 110, such as 200, for the exact /27 route.
  4. Change the backup route to /24 while retaining its default distance.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A default static distance of one outranks OSPF’s 110 when both paths cover the same prefix, so it will not wait as a backup. The desired floating behavior requires an explicit higher-than-110 distance below 255 and a reachable independent next hop. Keep mask 255.255.255.224 so the standby route covers the same /27.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The hostname does not participate in route-source preference. A distance-one static remains more preferred than the same-prefix OSPF route.

B:

Zero is even more preferred than the normal static one, not less. A floating backup needs a numerically higher distance than OSPF.

D:

Changing prefix length alters the set of destinations and does not make the same /27 OSPF route primary. The two routes would no longer be equivalent alternatives.

Question 336

The network engineer must make a STATIC IPv6 route specifically for host 2001:db8:300:2::102, while retaining normal routing for other addresses in its /64. Next hop 2001:db8:ffff:3::5 is reachable. Which prefix length meets that scope?

  1. `ip route 2001:db8:300:2::102 255.255.255.255 2001:db8:ffff:3::5`.
  2. `ipv6 route 2001:db8:300:2::/64 2001:db8:ffff:3::5`.
  3. `ipv6 route 2001:db8:300:2::102/128 2001:db8:ffff:3::5`.
  4. `ipv6 route 2001:db8:300:2::102/32 2001:db8:ffff:3::5`.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

IPv6 uses a 128-bit address, so /128 denotes exactly one host. Applying the host route to 2001:db8:300:2::102 avoids matching the entire 2001:db8:300:2::/64 network. A /64 route would affect every address in that subnet; the more-specific host prefix is required for this controlled path.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An IPv4 host-mask command does not use IPv6 128-bit address syntax. The correct host route is an `ipv6 route` with /128.

B:

A /64 prefix matches the whole LAN subnet rather than the one named host 2001:db8:300:2::102. It would create a much broader routing change.

D:

A /32 IPv6 prefix fixes only the first 32 bits and covers an enormous address range. It is not the single-endpoint /128 requirement.

Question 337

An engineer has OSPF 10.117.25.0/24 installed and configures a static backup 10.117.25.192/26 with administrative distance 200. Packets for 10.117.25.200 nonetheless take the static route while OSPF is healthy. Why?

  1. OSPF distance 110 is always ignored for every route prefix.
  2. The static must be selected because 200 is numerically a smaller distance than 110.
  3. The /26 is a longer matching prefix than the OSPF /24; a high administrative distance does not make unequal prefixes compete as backups.
  4. The router mistakenly treats .200 as outside 10.117.25.192/26.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Floating static behavior requires a route matching the same destination prefix as the preferred route. Here the static /26 covers .192–.255 and is more specific than the /24, so ordinary forwarding prefers it for addresses in that child subnet. To back up the /24 as a whole, configure the same /24 prefix and a higher eligible distance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Administrative distance applies when selecting among routes to an identical destination prefix. It still matters for competing /24s, but these prefixes differ.

B:

Distance 200 is higher and would lose in a same-prefix source comparison. The actual reason here is the longer /26 prefix match.

D:

Address .200 lies inside the .192–.255 /26 block. The more-specific prefix legitimately matches that packet.

Question 338

A static route must cover remote IPs 10.94.80.0–10.94.83.255 via one branch gateway, but not adjacent network 10.94.84.0/24. Which IOS destination mask provides the exact four-/24 aggregate?

  1. `ip route 10.94.80.0 255.255.252.0 <reachable-next-hop>` for a /22.
  2. Mask 255.255.254.0, a /23.
  3. Mask 255.255.248.0, a /21.
  4. Mask 255.255.255.0, a /24.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Four contiguous /24 networks starting at a third octet divisible by four form one /22. Mask 255.255.252.0 covers third octets 80–83 exactly and stops before 84. A more-specific /23 misses half the range while a broader /21 could include unapproved destinations.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A /23 aggregates only two of the four required /24 networks. It would leave 82.x and 83.x outside the static route.

C:

A /21 covers eight /24-size networks and could include addresses beyond the approved range. The request says not to route 84.x through this gateway.

D:

A /24 covers only 10.94.80.x. The other three included branches would require additional routes rather than one exact aggregate.

Question 339

An IPv6 router has interface Gi0/3 on a shared Ethernet LAN with an adjacent router at `2001:db8:1:3::2`. It needs a static route to `2001:db8:300:3::/64` whose next hop is explicitly tied to that LAN. Which form is fully specified?

  1. `ipv6 route 2001:db8:300:3::/64 GigabitEthernet0/3 2001:db8:1:3::2`.
  2. `ipv6 route 2001:db8:300:3::/64 GigabitEthernet0/3` with no neighbor.
  3. `ip route 2001:db8:300:3::/64 2001:db8:1:3::2`.
  4. `ipv6 route ::/0 GigabitEthernet0/3 2001:db8:1:3::2` as the targeted subnet route.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A fully specified IPv6 static route includes destination prefix, output interface and next-hop IPv6 address. This is useful on multi-access links where an interface alone does not unambiguously identify the intended neighboring router. The next hop must be reachable on that interface and it must be operational for installation.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The exit-only form treats the destination prefix as directly attached to that interface. On shared Ethernet it does not explicitly identify the desired router peer.

C:

The `ip route` syntax configures IPv4 static routes, not a colon-hexadecimal IPv6 destination. IOS uses `ipv6 route` for this family.

D:

An IPv6 default ::/0 covers all otherwise unmatched destinations. It is much broader than the requested single /64 network.

Question 340

A route summary 10.90.216.0/21 is advertised upstream, but several component networks are not allocated. Which optional IPv4 static route can deliberately discard traffic to unused parts of that aggregate when no specific child route exists?

  1. `ip route 10.90.216.0 255.255.248.0 Null0` as a carefully scoped summary discard route.
  2. `ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 Null0` for the entire router.
  3. `ip route 10.90.216.0 255.255.255.0 Null0` as the entire aggregate.
  4. Turn off IP routing and rely on the route advertisement.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A Null0 static route provides a deterministic discard path for otherwise unroutable addresses within an advertised summary. Active more-specific routes to allocated child networks still win through longest-prefix matching, while missing children do not loop back through a default. The /21 mask covers third octets 216 through 223 and must match the actual aggregate plan.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A global default Null0 route could discard unrelated traffic from many networks. The requirement is to discard only unused addresses inside the /21 aggregate.

C:

That /24 protects only the first child network, not the full eight /24-size range of a /21. It does not cover the intended aggregate holes.

D:

Disabling forwarding would disrupt all legitimate child prefixes. A scoped Null0 summary is the intended targeted loop-prevention mechanism.