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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 33

Question 320

An office has an active remote-network route 198.51.100.0/24 through its primary ISP. One management server at 198.51.100.52 must instead use an alternate next hop 192.0.2.62, without redirecting other servers. Which IPv4 static mask provides the exception?

  1. `ip route 198.51.100.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.62` for the entire /24.
  2. `ip route 198.51.100.52 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.62` with a /24 mask.
  3. A DNS CNAME alone to force the new next hop.
  4. `ip route 198.51.100.52 255.255.255.255 192.0.2.62` with a /32 host mask.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

A /32 matches exactly one destination IPv4 address, so the exception can override the existing /24 only for the intended management server. The router still uses the /24 for adjacent servers with other host values. Choosing a broad mask or the wrong destination IP would redirect unrelated traffic.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That broad entry would overlap the existing route for all 256 addresses and does not isolate the one named server. The requirement is host-specific.

B:

A host value is not an aligned /24 network ID, and a /24-sized exception would affect more addresses than intended. Use a /32.

C:

DNS aliases change application name resolution but not the router’s installed IP route for an exact destination address. A host route is needed.

Question 321

A Cisco IOS router has a valid static route to 10.20.30.0/24 via 192.0.2.2. The next hop is no longer reachable and the route is removed from the active table. Which check should be performed first?

  1. Change the route to 0.0.0.0/0 so any next hop is automatically accepted.
  2. Enable STP PortFast on the router interface to satisfy static-route resolution.
  3. Decrease the OSPF hello interval because a static route cannot operate without OSPF neighbors.
  4. Verify the recursive next-hop resolution and underlying connected interface reachability to 192.0.2.2.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

A static route can be configured but absent from the active routing table when the router cannot resolve a usable path to its next hop. The destination mask itself might be correct while the intermediary adjacency is broken. Check link state, the connected next-hop network and the resulting route installation before rewriting the remote network address.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A broader prefix does not repair an unreachable next hop and would alter forwarding for unrelated destinations. Fixing neighbor reachability is the appropriate scope.

B:

PortFast is a switch spanning-tree feature for suitable Layer 2 edge ports. It is not a replacement for IP next-hop route resolution on a routed interface.

C:

A static route does not depend on an OSPF adjacency. The problem is whether the configured next hop is reachable through an active forwarding path.

Question 322

A legacy monitoring gateway has a route to the management subnet 198.51.100.0/24 through its WAN. Operations want to deliberately discard traffic to a decommissioned server 198.51.100.53 while preserving access to the other hosts. Which static-route design is scoped to that single destination?

  1. Install `ip route 198.51.100.0 255.255.255.0 Null0` for the entire subnet.
  2. Use an ordinary /24 route via the WAN and expect it to deny one host automatically.
  3. Add an approved static 198.51.100.53/32 route to Null0, subject to policy review.
  4. Change the default route to Null0 to discard the decommissioned host.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A Null0 route intentionally discards packets that select it. A /32 host prefix is more specific than the broader management /24, so only packets to the decommissioned address match the blackhole exception. The rest of the /24 continues to use its normal WAN route when no other specific rule changes it.

Incorrect Answers

A:

That would blackhole every address in the /24 and disrupt other active management servers. The requirement targets only one retired host.

B:

A regular remote prefix forwards covered addresses; it does not single out an excluded host for discard. The /32 Null0 exception supplies the narrow decision.

D:

A default /0 affects all otherwise unmatched traffic and is far broader than the one required /32. It would introduce unnecessary outages.

Question 323

A branch has a point-to-point IPv4 uplink using 192.0.2.10/31 on its router and 192.0.2.11/31 on the far end. A destination 10.97.213.152/29 is reachable behind the peer. Which static route is suitable using the adjacent next-hop address?

  1. `ip route 10.97.213.152 255.255.255.248 192.0.2.11`.
  2. `ip route 10.97.213.152 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.11`.
  3. `ip route 10.97.213.152 255.255.255.248 192.0.2.12`.
  4. A static route to 192.0.2.10/31 via its own interface IP.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

RFC 3021 permits both addresses of a /31 on a supported point-to-point link, making 192.0.2.11 a valid neighbor. The destination network /29 has mask 255.255.255.248 and begins on the eight-address boundary .152. The command routes the exact remote /29 through the adjacent router without broadening it to the parent /24.

Incorrect Answers

B:

The /24 mask covers more destination hosts than the announced /29, changing the static policy. The correct /29 uses 255.255.255.248.

C:

The specified 192.0.2.12 is not one of the two addresses on the 192.0.2.10/31 point-to-point link. It is not the directly adjacent peer in this case.

D:

The /31 describes the already connected WAN segment rather than the remote destination network. Routing the connected link through itself would not reach the behind-peer subnet.

Question 324

An engineer on a shared Ethernet uplink configures `ip route 10.106.131.0 255.255.255.128 GigabitEthernet0/2` with no next-hop address. The switch sees excessive ARP toward many remote destinations. Which correction is appropriate?

  1. Specify the reachable adjacent router next-hop IP, optionally with Gi0/2, instead of only the Ethernet interface.
  2. Disable ARP globally and keep the incomplete static route.
  3. Increase the OSPF process ID to make Ethernet ARP disappear.
  4. Change the static destination to 0.0.0.0/0 using the same exit-only Ethernet format.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

An interface-only IPv4 static route on multi-access Ethernet can make the router attempt ARP for each destination covered by the remote prefix. Explicitly identifying the next-hop router permits consistent adjacency resolution for the gateway instead. This differs from a genuine point-to-point interface, where specifying the interface alone may be appropriate.

Incorrect Answers

B:

ARP is needed to resolve Ethernet neighbors; disabling it does not provide the missing gateway address. It would prevent other legitimate local forwarding.

C:

OSPF process IDs do not affect the ARP behavior of a static route pointing at a multi-access interface. Static next-hop specification is the issue.

D:

That would broaden the ARP problem to many more destinations. The goal is to resolve one adjacent router rather than treat every remote host as on-link.

Question 325

A router must send traffic to 10.40.8.0/24 via adjacent router 192.0.2.2. The prefix is not directly connected and no dynamic protocol carries it. What IOS route should be configured?

  1. `ip route 10.40.8.0 255.255.0.0 192.0.2.2`.
  2. `ip route 10.40.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.2.2`.
  3. `ip route 10.40.8.0 0.0.0.255 192.0.2.2`.
  4. `ip route 10.40.8.0 255.255.255.0 10.40.8.1`.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

The IOS IPv4 static route specifies a destination network, its subnet mask and a reachable next-hop IP address. A /24 mask limits the forwarding entry to 10.40.8.0–10.40.8.255, and 192.0.2.2 identifies the adjacent router. Verify the next hop resolves through an operational local interface and that any return path exists.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The /16 mask covers far more destinations than the specified /24 network and may redirect unrelated traffic. The case asks for exactly 10.40.8.0/24.

C:

The static route syntax expects a normal contiguous subnet mask, not an ACL/OSPF wildcard. 0.0.0.255 is an inverse mask and would not represent the required /24 route correctly.

D:

A next hop in the remote network can be recursively unresolved if there is no route to reach it. The scenario names 192.0.2.2 as the reachable adjacent router, so using a remote host inside the target destination is not the correct direct next hop.

Question 326

An IPv6 router has only the static route `ipv6 route 2001:db8:44::/64 2001:db8:44::51` and no independently usable connected or learned path to next hop `2001:db8:44::51`. Why can this route fail to enter the IPv6 table?

  1. Because Cisco IOS never supports static IPv6 routes with global next-hop addresses.
  2. It is self-recursive: the router would need to use the destination route itself to resolve its own next hop.
  3. Because /64 is an invalid IPv6 network prefix length on a router.
  4. Because all next-hop addresses inside 2001:db8 documentation space are multicast.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A recursive static route needs an independent valid way to reach its configured next hop. Here the next-hop address lies within the remote destination prefix, and there is no separate connected or learned resolution path, so attempting to install it creates a circular dependency. Configure an actually reachable adjacent gateway or a fully specified viable interface/neighbor route.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A global IPv6 next hop is supported when it resolves through a valid forwarding adjacency. The defect here is circular, unresolved reachability.

C:

A /64 is a common valid IPv6 subnet prefix. The route can be syntactically correct while its next hop is not resolvable.

D:

The 2001:db8 range is reserved for examples and has unicast address structure, not multicast FF00::/8. The problem is recursive resolution.

Question 327

An IOS router has an approved static route for 10.91.160.0/25 through 192.0.2.81. The team wants operational verification of this installed route and its next hop without changing configuration. Which command is most targeted?

  1. `show ip route 10.91.160.0` or an equivalent supported destination-specific route query.
  2. `clear ip route *` before examining the existing route.
  3. `show vlan brief` as proof that the remote /25 static route is installed.
  4. `show cdp neighbors` as the only route-state check.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A destination-specific route-table lookup shows which prefix is actually installed and its associated next-hop or interface information. It distinguishes saved configuration text from operational routing state. Verify that the expected /25 appears and that the specified adjacent router can be reached if the route is missing.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Clearing routing state changes the network and is unnecessary for read-only verification. It may temporarily remove valid learned paths.

C:

A VLAN inventory describes Layer 2 networks and member ports, not the remote IPv4 destination or static next-hop route.

D:

CDP can show adjacent Cisco devices but does not prove the static destination prefix was installed or preferred in the IP table.

Question 328

An enterprise network needs to forward every otherwise unmatched IPv4 destination to an ISP next hop, but its current administrator proposes `ip route 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 203.0.113.35`. What is the correct mask for a catch-all route?

  1. Use 255.255.255.255 as the default mask.
  2. Use 255.0.0.0 to cover all globally routed IPv4 networks.
  3. Leave the mask 255.255.255.0 because any route to 0.0.0.0 becomes a default.
  4. Use `0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0` as the destination and mask in the IPv4 static default statement.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

A default route is the zero-length prefix 0.0.0.0/0, which matches any destination not covered by a longer installed prefix. The proposed 255.255.255.0 mask would not represent a catch-all. In IOS, the proper static syntax is `ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 203.0.113.35` with a valid next hop.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A /32 mask matches a single host, the opposite of a catch-all. It would not provide fallback routing for arbitrary destinations.

B:

A /8 prefix covers only a subset of IPv4 addresses, not every possible destination. The default uses zero fixed prefix bits.

C:

A static route’s prefix length is determined by its mask, not just the network address. The /24 form does not provide universal fallback.

Question 329

A network engineer must install a route for the network 10.8.16.0/20 through gateway 192.0.2.254, but someone enters mask 255.255.255.0. What is the configuration error?

  1. The prefix was narrowed to /24; use subnet mask 255.255.240.0 for the intended /20.
  2. The gateway must be in the same /20 destination subnet as the remote hosts.
  3. The router cannot use a static route to a subnet larger than /24.
  4. The /24 mask is equivalent to /20 when the third octet begins at 16.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

A /20 prefix uses twenty one-bits in the mask, giving 255.255.240.0 and covering 10.8.16.0 through 10.8.31.255. The entered /24 covers only 10.8.16.0–10.8.16.255. Correcting the network mask restores the intended range; the stated gateway may remain valid if it is reachable.

Incorrect Answers

B:

A next hop belongs to a reachable adjacent or recursive path; it need not be in the remote destination network. The scenario’s concrete error is the too-specific destination mask.

C:

Cisco supports general IPv4 prefix lengths, including /20. The issue is selecting the correct mask, not a platform prohibition on broader routes.

D:

Prefix length determines the number of fixed network bits regardless of the address value. /24 and /20 cover different blocks even when they share the same base address.

Question 330

A router has static route `ip route 172.20.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.0.2.2`. The next hop resides on a healthy directly connected subnet but the routing table does not show the intended static route. Which basic command and detail should be checked?

  1. Increase the Ethernet duplex setting without confirming any interface fault.
  2. Enable native VLAN tagging on all infrastructure trunks so static routes become visible.
  3. Inspect `show ip route` and `show running-config` for the configured destination mask, next-hop resolution and any competing same-prefix route.
  4. Delete the entire OSPF configuration because dynamic and static routes can never coexist.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A correct-looking command line does not prove that a route is active in the RIB. IOS must resolve the configured next hop and select among other eligible sources for that identical destination prefix. Comparing the actual routing table with the running configuration helps identify a missing path, a mistyped destination or a more-preferred route.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Duplex can matter for physical link health but is not evidence of a routing-table selection problem on an otherwise healthy connected next-hop subnet. Start with route and config state.

B:

802.1Q tagging governs Layer 2 trunk handling and does not force an IPv4 static route into the router’s installed table. The RIB needs actual valid route prerequisites.

D:

Static and OSPF routes can coexist and compete according to prefix specificity and administrative distance. Removing OSPF indiscriminately would break other routes without proving why this one is inactive.