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Isaca CISA Bundle

Exam Code: CISA

Exam Name Certified Information Systems Auditor

Certification Provider: Isaca

Corresponding Certification: CISA

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Isaca CISA Practice Test 84

Question 830

During a payment-platform modernization at a payment clearing organization, the IS auditor learns that an exposed API is repeatedly probed yet threat scenarios ignore credential stuffing. The affected operation supports merchant settlement and reconciliation. Finance and settlement integrity depend on this operation. Which audit procedure would provide the MOST DIRECT evidence about this control?

  1. Review test authorization, representative scope, evidence, independent verification and corrective retesting of significant findings.
  2. Trace selected risks through framework control objectives, accountable owners, implemented safeguards and monitoring results.
  3. Map realistic threats to entry points, trust boundaries and known weaknesses, then validate controls against representative misuse cases.
  4. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Correct. Map realistic threats to entry points, trust boundaries and known weaknesses, then validate controls against representative misuse cases. The procedure directly tests the reported condition that an exposed API is repeatedly probed yet threat scenarios ignore credential stuffing. A defensible IS audit conclusion requires relevant and reliable evidence from the actual control population and period.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.

B:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. That result could pass without demonstrating evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. It does not establish the requested evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion outcome.

Question 831

During a payment-platform modernization at a payment clearing organization, the IS auditor learns that an exposed API is repeatedly probed yet threat scenarios ignore credential stuffing. The affected operation supports merchant settlement and reconciliation. Finance and settlement integrity depend on this operation. Which follow-up result would BEST substantiate that the remediation operates effectively?

  1. A maintained risk-control matrix and independent operating tests show assigned controls meet defined security outcomes.
  2. Threat-driven test results show identified entry paths are blocked or monitored and accountable risks are remediated.
  3. Authorized test reports and targeted retests demonstrate critical exposures are identified, risk-rated and resolved.
  4. A rehearsed response record shows timely authorized containment, validated recovery and closure of assigned improvements.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Correct. Threat-driven test results show identified entry paths are blocked or monitored and accountable risks are remediated. This is stronger than a manager's verbal assurance because it can be checked against the observed issue that an exposed API is repeatedly probed yet threat scenarios ignore credential stuffing. The reviewer must verify the remediation period and scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. That change would not implement evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

C:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion prerequisite remains unaddressed.

D:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 832

During a regulatory readiness review at a municipal government, the IS auditor learns that a supplier compromise could alter software packages but the supply chain is not assessed. The affected operation supports citizen service accounts and public records. Public accountability and essential service access are affected. Which weakness is MOST material to the control objective in this situation?

  1. Incomplete attack-path consideration can leave exploitable control gaps despite nominal security tooling.
  2. Facility access or environmental failure can compromise systems when protective controls and response are absent.
  3. Uncoordinated response can worsen damage, jeopardize evidence or miss critical decision and communication obligations.
  4. Material attacks may go undetected or unhandled when monitoring coverage, correlation and escalation fail.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Correct. Incomplete attack-path consideration can leave exploitable control gaps despite nominal security tooling. The described exception is: a supplier compromise could alter software packages but the supply chain is not assessed. This risk ties the observation to the business significance of citizen service accounts and public records, rather than treating management's claim as independent assurance.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Facility access or environmental failure can compromise systems when protective controls and response are absent. The evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion prerequisite remains unaddressed.

C:

Uncoordinated response can worsen damage, jeopardize evidence or miss critical decision and communication obligations. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Material attacks may go undetected or unhandled when monitoring coverage, correlation and escalation fail. That change would not implement evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 833

During a regulatory readiness review at a municipal government, the IS auditor learns that a supplier compromise could alter software packages but the supply chain is not assessed. The affected operation supports citizen service accounts and public records. Public accountability and essential service access are affected. Which audit procedure would MOST directly validate the suspected control gap?

  1. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures.
  2. Trace injected or historical test events from source ingestion through detection rules, triage and escalation records.
  3. Map realistic threats to entry points, trust boundaries and known weaknesses, then validate controls against representative misuse cases.
  4. Inspect site entry records, physical boundaries, sensor alerts and tested power or environmental contingencies.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Correct. Map realistic threats to entry points, trust boundaries and known weaknesses, then validate controls against representative misuse cases. The procedure directly tests the reported condition that a supplier compromise could alter software packages but the supply chain is not assessed. A defensible IS audit conclusion requires relevant and reliable evidence from the actual control population and period.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion prerequisite remains unaddressed.

B:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The configuration must instead establish evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 834

During a regulatory readiness review at a municipal government, the IS auditor learns that a supplier compromise could alter software packages but the supply chain is not assessed. The affected operation supports citizen service accounts and public records. Public accountability and essential service access are affected. What would an auditor MOST want to see before accepting the issue as remediated?

  1. A rehearsed response record shows timely authorized containment, validated recovery and closure of assigned improvements.
  2. Threat-driven test results show identified entry paths are blocked or monitored and accountable risks are remediated.
  3. Controlled detections and case reviews show significant events are logged, prioritized and escalated within approved windows.
  4. Access sampling and observed environmental or failover tests demonstrate restricted entry and timely corrective response.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Correct. Threat-driven test results show identified entry paths are blocked or monitored and accountable risks are remediated. This is stronger than a manager's verbal assurance because it can be checked against the observed issue that a supplier compromise could alter software packages but the supply chain is not assessed. The reviewer must verify the remediation period and scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

C:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The configuration must instead establish evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion prerequisite remains unaddressed.

Question 835

During a post-incident audit at a retail marketplace, the IS auditor learns that a ransomware scenario assumes an attacker cannot reach online backup credentials. The affected operation supports customer checkout and order fulfillment. Customer transactions and market trust depend on effective control. What is the MOST defensible risk conclusion from the observed condition?

  1. Incomplete attack-path consideration can leave exploitable control gaps despite nominal security tooling.
  2. Excessive or untraceable access can enable unauthorized transactions and defeat accountability.
  3. Uncoordinated response can worsen damage, jeopardize evidence or miss critical decision and communication obligations.
  4. Security testing can miss material exposure or create uncontrolled disruption if scope, validation and remediation are weak.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Correct. Incomplete attack-path consideration can leave exploitable control gaps despite nominal security tooling. The described exception is: a ransomware scenario assumes an attacker cannot reach online backup credentials. This risk ties the observation to the business significance of customer checkout and order fulfillment, rather than treating management's claim as independent assurance.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Excessive or untraceable access can enable unauthorized transactions and defeat accountability. Recurrence here depends on evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion, not this safeguard.

C:

Uncoordinated response can worsen damage, jeopardize evidence or miss critical decision and communication obligations. That protection can exist while evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion is still missing.

D:

Security testing can miss material exposure or create uncontrolled disruption if scope, validation and remediation are weak. It protects a different risk than the evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion requirement.

Question 836

During a post-incident audit at a retail marketplace, the IS auditor learns that a ransomware scenario assumes an attacker cannot reach online backup credentials. The affected operation supports customer checkout and order fulfillment. Customer transactions and market trust depend on effective control. Which fieldwork step should the auditor prioritize to test the issue?

  1. Reconcile identities to authoritative HR records and test joiner-mover-leaver, role segregation and privileged event reviews.
  2. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures.
  3. Review test authorization, representative scope, evidence, independent verification and corrective retesting of significant findings.
  4. Map realistic threats to entry points, trust boundaries and known weaknesses, then validate controls against representative misuse cases.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Correct. Map realistic threats to entry points, trust boundaries and known weaknesses, then validate controls against representative misuse cases. The procedure directly tests the reported condition that a ransomware scenario assumes an attacker cannot reach online backup credentials. A defensible IS audit conclusion requires relevant and reliable evidence from the actual control population and period.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The configuration must instead establish evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

B:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion prerequisite remains unaddressed.

C:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 837

During a post-incident audit at a retail marketplace, the IS auditor learns that a ransomware scenario assumes an attacker cannot reach online backup credentials. The affected operation supports customer checkout and order fulfillment. Customer transactions and market trust depend on effective control. Which observed evidence is MOST persuasive for a controlled audit follow-up?

  1. Sampled access removals, conflict checks and individually attributed privileged logs prove least privilege and separation.
  2. Authorized test reports and targeted retests demonstrate critical exposures are identified, risk-rated and resolved.
  3. Threat-driven test results show identified entry paths are blocked or monitored and accountable risks are remediated.
  4. A rehearsed response record shows timely authorized containment, validated recovery and closure of assigned improvements.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Correct. Threat-driven test results show identified entry paths are blocked or monitored and accountable risks are remediated. This is stronger than a manager's verbal assurance because it can be checked against the observed issue that a ransomware scenario assumes an attacker cannot reach online backup credentials. The reviewer must verify the remediation period and scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. It does not establish the requested evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion outcome.

B:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.

D:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. Acceptance here depends on observing evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion, not only that test.

Question 838

During an outsourced-services renewal at a logistics group, the IS auditor learns that a web app accepts unsanitized input despite a known injection exposure. The affected operation supports freight tracking and fleet operations. Delivery commitments and partner data flow through this process. Which risk statement is BEST supported by the recorded exception?

  1. An unowned or paper-only control framework can create false assurance and unmitigated information risk.
  2. Incomplete attack-path consideration can leave exploitable control gaps despite nominal security tooling.
  3. Uncoordinated response can worsen damage, jeopardize evidence or miss critical decision and communication obligations.
  4. Material attacks may go undetected or unhandled when monitoring coverage, correlation and escalation fail.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Correct. Incomplete attack-path consideration can leave exploitable control gaps despite nominal security tooling. The described exception is: a web app accepts unsanitized input despite a known injection exposure. This risk ties the observation to the business significance of freight tracking and fleet operations, rather than treating management's claim as independent assurance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An unowned or paper-only control framework can create false assurance and unmitigated information risk. It protects a different risk than the evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion requirement.

C:

Uncoordinated response can worsen damage, jeopardize evidence or miss critical decision and communication obligations. Recurrence here depends on evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion, not this safeguard.

D:

Material attacks may go undetected or unhandled when monitoring coverage, correlation and escalation fail. That protection can exist while evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion is still missing.

Question 839

During an outsourced-services renewal at a logistics group, the IS auditor learns that a web app accepts unsanitized input despite a known injection exposure. The affected operation supports freight tracking and fleet operations. Delivery commitments and partner data flow through this process. During fieldwork, what is the BEST focused test of this condition?

  1. Map realistic threats to entry points, trust boundaries and known weaknesses, then validate controls against representative misuse cases.
  2. Trace selected risks through framework control objectives, accountable owners, implemented safeguards and monitoring results.
  3. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures.
  4. Trace injected or historical test events from source ingestion through detection rules, triage and escalation records.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Correct. Map realistic threats to entry points, trust boundaries and known weaknesses, then validate controls against representative misuse cases. The procedure directly tests the reported condition that a web app accepts unsanitized input despite a known injection exposure. A defensible IS audit conclusion requires relevant and reliable evidence from the actual control population and period.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The configuration must instead establish evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

C:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion prerequisite remains unaddressed.

D:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 840

During an outsourced-services renewal at a logistics group, the IS auditor learns that a web app accepts unsanitized input despite a known injection exposure. The affected operation supports freight tracking and fleet operations. Delivery commitments and partner data flow through this process. Management states that remediation is complete. Which evidence BEST supports closing this issue?

  1. A maintained risk-control matrix and independent operating tests show assigned controls meet defined security outcomes.
  2. Controlled detections and case reviews show significant events are logged, prioritized and escalated within approved windows.
  3. A rehearsed response record shows timely authorized containment, validated recovery and closure of assigned improvements.
  4. Threat-driven test results show identified entry paths are blocked or monitored and accountable risks are remediated.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Correct. Threat-driven test results show identified entry paths are blocked or monitored and accountable risks are remediated. This is stronger than a manager's verbal assurance because it can be checked against the observed issue that a web app accepts unsanitized input despite a known injection exposure. The reviewer must verify the remediation period and scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. Acceptance here depends on observing evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion, not only that test.

B:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. It does not establish the requested evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion outcome.

C:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.