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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 18

Question 170

Two access switches are intended to share one LACP uplink bundle, but an engineer puts one member in `channel-group 9` and the other local member in `channel-group 10`. What should be corrected?

  1. Configure identical IPv4 addresses on both physical member interfaces.
  2. Require the peer to use exactly the same port-channel number because LACP transmits the local group index.
  3. Make sure the local group numbers remain different so each physical cable has its own EtherChannel.
  4. Place local member interfaces intended for the same bundle into the same local port-channel group and configure compatible peer settings.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

An EtherChannel is represented by one logical port-channel interface per local group. Assigning intended members to two separate local group numbers creates two different channel interfaces rather than one bundle. The peer’s group number itself need not numerically match, but member characteristics and negotiation must be compatible across the link.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Layer 2 port-channel members do not normally receive duplicate routed interface addresses. This introduces addressing conflict rather than resolving grouping.

B:

Local channel-group numbers are configuration identifiers and need not match between two switches. The crucial issue is the consistency of each device’s intended member grouping and LACP compatibility.

C:

Different local channel groups are distinct logical bundles, not one multi-link aggregation. This violates the request to combine both physical uplinks.

Question 171

Two switches use LACP and their uplink physical ports are up, but the port-channel repeatedly suspends one member after an engineer changed that member from trunk to access mode. Which configuration issue should be fixed?

  1. Assign a different port-channel group number to the suspended member without changing its trunk mode.
  2. Change the native VLAN only on the downstream host access port.
  3. Match the member’s Layer 2 switchport mode and relevant trunk settings with the configured port-channel and partner.
  4. Increase the OSPF router priority on the affected member interface.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

LACP aggregation requires compatible physical and switching properties across the candidate members and peers. An access-port member cannot be safely added to a trunk port-channel carrying multiple VLANs. Restore compatible switchport mode and allowed VLAN state, then verify the bundled status with the EtherChannel summary and interface diagnostics.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Moving a member to a second bundle does not make its switching properties compatible with the original trunk bundle. The required service still needs one correctly configured port-channel.

B:

The failed member is an interswitch port-channel participant. Adjusting an unrelated host port does not correct the mismatched mode on the bundled link.

D:

OSPF priority influences DR election on eligible routed broadcast segments, not Layer 2 EtherChannel member compatibility. No routing process setting converts an access member into a valid trunk member.

Question 172

One switch has LACP `channel-group 12 mode active`; the far end has compatible physical interfaces configured with LACP mode `passive`. No other compatibility problems exist. What outcome should the operator expect?

  1. The bundle cannot form because every LACP member must be active on both peers.
  2. The bundle forms only after the switches run OSPF over the physical links.
  3. The LACP bundle can form because the active end initiates negotiation and the passive end responds.
  4. The bundle must use static mode `on` to make passive LACP respond.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

LACP active mode periodically initiates protocol negotiation, while passive mode participates when it receives LACP frames. An active/passive combination can therefore establish a valid EtherChannel when both ends agree on member characteristics. Verify the operational port-channel with appropriate show commands because compatible mode alone does not prove all links bundled.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Active/active is a valid combination but not mandatory. A passive peer can respond to active LACP solicitation, so requiring both active would impose an unnecessary restriction.

B:

LACP is a data-link aggregation protocol and does not require an IP routing process. Layer 2 channel negotiation precedes any routed adjacency on top of that connectivity.

D:

Static mode `on` does not exchange LACP PDUs. Introducing it on one side would remove the protocol negotiation assumed in the active/passive design.

Question 173

A Port-channel uses LACP on two GigabitEthernet members. A third physical port has a conflicting trunk allowed-VLAN list and is suspended when added. What should be fixed?

  1. Increase the port’s IPv4 MTU only.
  2. Give the suspended interface a different OSPF process ID.
  3. Align the third member’s EtherChannel-compatible Layer 2 parameters before including it.
  4. Disable the EtherChannel consistency check and keep mismatched VLAN treatment.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

EtherChannel members must meet consistency checks for features such as speed, duplex, trunk/access mode and VLAN handling. A member whose trunk settings differ can be suspended to prevent unintended forwarding. Correct the conflicting allowed-VLAN policy under the approved bundle design and verify LACP state afterward.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An MTU change does not directly reconcile the stated allowed-VLAN inconsistency. The bundle members must agree on relevant Layer 2 parameters.

B:

LACP member admission is a link-layer compatibility matter, not an OSPF routing-process decision. Process IDs do not repair mismatched trunk VLANs.

D:

Bypassing member consistency does not guarantee correct forwarding and can introduce loops or VLAN leakage. The setting conflict should be reconciled rather than ignored.

Question 174

A Port-channel is configured as Layer 3 on a Cisco multilayer switch. Operators accidentally set IP addresses on individual member ports instead of the logical channel. Where should the routed IP be assigned?

  1. Disable IP routing and rely on LACP to route packets.
  2. Assign the IP address to an unrelated Layer 2 VLAN.
  3. On the Layer 3 Port-channel interface, with members configured compatibly for the bundle.
  4. Give every physical member the same IP and remove the Port-channel IP.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A routed EtherChannel represents several physical links as one logical interface to Layer 3 forwarding. The IP address belongs on the Port-channel, which is the routed adjacency and next-hop interface. Physical members join the group and should not independently act as separately addressed routed links for this bundle.

Incorrect Answers

A:

LACP aggregates links but does not replace the IP routing function. The logical channel still needs Layer 3 addressing and forwarding capability.

B:

An SVI can provide a VLAN gateway but is not automatically the routed Port-channel interface in the scenario. The point-to-point bundle is Layer 3.

D:

Duplicate addresses across independent interfaces do not create one logical routed bundle. They can cause conflicts while the channel remains incorrectly configured.

Question 175

Two switches need a manually formed static EtherChannel but the change ticket expressly requires protocol-based detection of member failure and active negotiation. Which mode aligns with the stronger requirement?

  1. Configure `channel-group 3 mode on` on both sides and call it LACP.
  2. Configure LACP passive on both ends.
  3. Assign each member a different VLAN and remove the Port-channel interface.
  4. Use compatible LACP active/passive or active/active modes rather than unconditional static on.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

LACP exchanges control PDUs to negotiate eligible members and can detect protocol-level partner state. A static on channel does not use that negotiation, making it unsuitable where the design explicitly requires LACP control. Both endpoints must use compatible modes and identical logical member characteristics.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Mode on forces a static bundle without LACP PDUs. It may work for a manually controlled bundle, but does not meet the required negotiated protocol state.

B:

Two passive endpoints do not initiate negotiations, so a channel may never establish. At least one side must initiate active PDUs.

C:

Different VLANs on individual members undermine logical bundling; removing the Port-channel also defeats the request for one aggregated link.

Question 176

A switch port-channel uses LACP `active` on one member but its peer’s LACP interface shows repeated partner timeout indications during a fiber failure. The operator wants to verify that the other member remains bundled and traffic fails over safely. Which display is most directly useful?

  1. Use `show vlan brief` as proof that all LACP PDUs are being received from each peer.
  2. Change the port-channel number to the largest possible value so partner timeouts stop.
  3. Inspect `show etherchannel summary` and the physical member status on both peers, confirming the surviving links are bundled.
  4. Disable STP globally because it directly controls LACP partner retransmission intervals.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

`show etherchannel summary` lists port-channel state and participating physical interfaces, enabling engineers to distinguish healthy bundled members from suspended or failed ones. LACP protocol timeout indicates partner communication failure on an affected link; traffic should continue only through eligible operational members. Verify both ends and application reachability rather than assuming the protocol alone repaired damaged fiber.

Incorrect Answers

A:

VLAN inventory does not report per-member LACP negotiation or physical bundle state. It can be correct while a port-channel member remains suspended or disconnected.

B:

Port-channel group numbers are local identifiers, not link-health or LACP timing parameters. Renumbering does not restore failed fiber or partner PDU reception.

D:

STP and LACP solve different Layer 2 problems: loop prevention versus aggregation negotiation. Disabling STP risks switching loops without diagnosing the member failure.

Question 177

An EtherChannel uses LACP on a supported switch. Network operations wants faster detection of a silent partner failure without relying on user traffic. Which feature can change how frequently LACP PDUs are exchanged?

  1. Run `clear mac address-table dynamic` on every switch once per second.
  2. Configure the supported fast LACP rate on the appropriate ports and verify the partner’s negotiated timers.
  3. Increase OSPF cost on the port-channel until LACPDUs become more frequent.
  4. Set the VLAN native ID equal to the LACP system priority.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

LACP periodic PDUs help peers detect whether an aggregation partner remains active. A supported fast LACP rate can reduce protocol timeout compared with slow periodic transmission, subject to device platform behavior. It does not increase the individual member’s physical speed or replace link-monitoring and failover testing.

Incorrect Answers

A:

MAC table clearing disrupts normal Layer 2 learning and does not negotiate LACP timer behavior. It is unrelated to partner heartbeat frequency.

C:

OSPF cost affects IP route metrics; LACP PDU exchange uses its own link-aggregation protocol timers. A routing metric does not change protocol hello intervals.

D:

A native VLAN controls untagged 802.1Q handling, not the LACP PDU interval. Matching unrelated numeric values does not speed failure detection.

Question 178

A four-link LACP EtherChannel is carrying traffic. Monitoring shows one TCP flow remains on a single physical member rather than being split equally over all four. What explains this observation?

  1. The switch must have elected the wrong OSPF designated router.
  2. The observed behavior proves only one of the four member links is operational.
  3. LACP fails unless one TCP flow is fragmented across all four physical links.
  4. The EtherChannel load-balancing hash normally keeps a flow mapped to one member to preserve packet ordering.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Port-channels distribute traffic among members using a configured hashing algorithm based on selected header fields, not per-packet round-robin by default. A single flow can therefore be limited to the speed of one member while many flows spread across the bundle. Check the platform hashing method and sample multiple flows before diagnosing the bundle as failed.

Incorrect Answers

A:

OSPF DR state does not determine per-flow hashing within a Layer 2 EtherChannel. The link bundle can be healthy regardless of the routing process.

B:

One flow using one member is not sufficient evidence that the other links are down. Check member status and different flow hashes to establish bundle utilization.

C:

LACP forms and monitors links; the normal forwarding hash does not require fragmenting one flow across every member. Single-flow member affinity is expected on many platforms.

Question 179

A port-channel carries many UDP streams. An engineer suspects one large video stream saturates a single physical member although other members show low utilization. What property of EtherChannel load balancing best explains this?

  1. Hash-based EtherChannel forwarding can map one flow consistently to one physical member rather than striping each packet over every link.
  2. LACP disables all unused physical links whenever a single flow is present.
  3. The switching fabric must round-robin every UDP packet across members by default.
  4. A lower STP bridge priority automatically spreads one UDP flow across all links.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Switches commonly compute an aggregation hash from fields such as source/destination MAC or IP addresses and transport ports. One high-volume flow can stay on one member to preserve ordering, even with unused capacity elsewhere. Many independent flows can distribute more evenly; inspect hash selection and member counters before assuming the bundle is broken.

Incorrect Answers

B:

LACP monitors eligible aggregate members and does not generally shut down healthy links based only on the number of application flows. Uneven utilization is compatible with a healthy hash distribution.

C:

Default per-flow hashing is designed to avoid out-of-order packets. Per-packet round-robin is not the assumed behavior of ordinary Cisco EtherChannel forwarding.

D:

STP controls active Layer 2 topology, and a port-channel often appears as one logical STP port. Root priority does not determine the member-selection hash for individual traffic flows.

Question 180

A customer wants redundant uplink capacity between two switches, but the physical links have different negotiated duplex settings. The operator asks whether LACP by itself makes them a safe single bundle. What is the correct response?

  1. No; correct physical link compatibility and speed/duplex inconsistencies before treating the links as one EtherChannel.
  2. Yes; LACP automatically converts a half-duplex link into full duplex when it receives a PDU.
  3. No, because LACP requires all traffic to be forwarded by a routing protocol before bundling.
  4. Yes; EtherChannel can permanently mix any physical media and duplex settings without validation.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

LACP can negotiate eligible members but does not repair mismatched physical link characteristics. EtherChannel members must satisfy platform compatibility rules, including appropriate speed and duplex, to participate safely. Verify individual interfaces first, then confirm the port-channel is up and all intended members are bundled.

Incorrect Answers

B:

LACP negotiates aggregation membership, not the physical Ethernet duplex mechanism on a partner interface. A half-duplex member is not fixed merely by protocol exchange.

C:

LACP operates at link aggregation and does not require OSPF or a routing process to negotiate a Layer 2 port-channel. The observed issue is physical compatibility, not route learning.

D:

A bundle depends on compatible member properties. Treating arbitrary interfaces as interchangeable can lead to suspended members and intermittent traffic.