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Cisco 200-301 Bundle

Exam Code: 200-301

Exam Name Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA)

Certification Provider: Cisco

Corresponding Certification: CCNA

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Cisco 200-301 Practice Test 13

Question 120

A switch dynamically learned host 00aa.bbcc.ddee on Gi1/0/4 but the host was unplugged and no frames have arrived for a long period. What normal table behavior helps prevent stale delivery?

  1. The DHCP server instantly erases the switch MAC table.
  2. The switch rewrites the host’s IPv4 address to a broadcast address.
  3. The device automatically deletes the VLAN when the host disconnects.
  4. The dynamically learned MAC entry ages out after its inactivity timer.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Dynamic MAC forwarding entries have an aging mechanism that removes stale associations after they are not refreshed. This prevents indefinite forwarding toward a port where the host no longer resides. Once the host reappears elsewhere, source-MAC learning builds a new association, subject to the configured aging behavior and exceptions such as static entries.

Incorrect Answers

A:

DHCP tracks leases, while the switch learns and ages MAC entries locally. DHCP expirations do not directly clear or manage the Ethernet forwarding table.

B:

MAC aging concerns link-layer forwarding state, not IPv4 address translation. The switch does not invent IP addresses when a host disconnects.

C:

A VLAN is a configured broadcast domain and does not disappear simply because one learned MAC becomes inactive. Its membership and configuration have separate lifecycles.

Question 121

An access switch has learned several host MAC addresses in VLAN 20. During troubleshooting, operators need to find which physical port currently reaches MAC `0011.2233.4455` without changing any configuration. What is the most direct command?

  1. Use `show ip route` because the router’s longest-prefix entry records every endpoint’s access switchport.
  2. Change the access VLAN to 1 before examining any learned addresses.
  3. Use `show mac address-table address 0011.2233.4455` or the supported VLAN-specific MAC table query and inspect its port.
  4. Enable OSPF on the access interface so the MAC can be resolved through link-state advertisements.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

A switch dynamically learns source MAC addresses and associates them with forwarding interfaces in a VLAN. The MAC address table can reveal the current port for a host after frames from that device have been received. This is a read-only Layer 2 verification step and does not require moving the port or editing an SVI.

Incorrect Answers

A:

IP route tables select networks and next hops, not the physical access port associated with each learned Ethernet source. Layer 2 MAC forwarding is the right evidence source.

B:

Changing VLAN membership can disrupt a working host and invalidate the original troubleshooting state. The requirement is to inspect the existing learned forwarding entry without altering configuration.

D:

OSPF distributes IP network reachability between routers; it does not provide a switch MAC-to-access-port lookup. The information is already available in the Layer 2 forwarding database.

Question 122

An access switch currently places desktop port GigabitEthernet1/0/7 in VLAN 1. The operations team needs this single untagged workstation link in data VLAN 57; VLAN 57 already exists. Which interface settings implement that?

  1. `interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7`; `switchport voice vlan 57` only.
  2. `interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7`; `switchport mode trunk`; `switchport trunk native vlan 57`.
  3. `interface GigabitEthernet1/0/7`; `switchport mode access`; `switchport access vlan 57`.
  4. `interface Vlan57`; `ip address 192.0.2.13 255.255.255.0`.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Access mode places untagged endpoint traffic in one configured data VLAN, in this case 57. The `switchport access vlan 57` line sets the membership while access mode prevents the port from behaving as an ordinary interswitch trunk. The VLAN must exist and be carried upstream where required; an SVI by itself does not assign this endpoint port.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The voice VLAN command identifies tagged phone voice traffic and does not replace the regular access data VLAN setting for an ordinary desktop.

B:

This configures a trunk native VLAN, intended for links carrying VLAN tags or a specified untagged native VLAN. The case requires a standard single-VLAN untagged desktop access port, not trunk semantics.

D:

An SVI can represent Layer 3 management or a VLAN gateway but does not move physical desktop port GigabitEthernet1/0/7 out of VLAN 1. The port needs its access membership changed.

Question 123

An access port connects to a virtualized host that needs three tagged guest VLANs through one physical uplink. The switchport is currently configured as a single untagged access VLAN. What change best enables the supported tagged hypervisor design?

  1. Add three IPv4 addresses to the switchport’s access VLAN without enabling tagging.
  2. Configure a policy-approved 802.1Q trunk to the virtualization host and permit only the required guest VLANs.
  3. Use STP root priority to make the access port carry all VLAN IDs automatically.
  4. Assign the same access VLAN to all guest virtual NICs and assume that maintains the three required network separations.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

A hypervisor can use a VLAN-aware virtual switch to tag traffic from different guest networks over one physical NIC. A basic access switchport does not carry multiple independent tagged VLANs in the required form. Configure and verify a restricted trunk only when the host-side tagging and security policy are supported and aligned.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Multiple interface addresses do not establish separate Layer 2 VLAN frames for different guests. IP addressing and Ethernet VLAN encapsulation are distinct concerns.

C:

Spanning-tree settings select loop-free paths among switches; they do not convert access mode into 802.1Q tagged trunk operation. The link mode must be changed explicitly.

D:

A single untagged VLAN collapses the intended separation into one broadcast domain. The requirement explicitly needs multiple tagged networks over the physical uplink.

Question 124

A desk has an IP phone with a PC attached through the phone. The switch port Gi1/0/15 should carry untagged PC traffic in VLAN 70 and tagged phone voice traffic in VLAN 170. Which configuration meets BOTH roles?

  1. Configure only `switchport voice vlan 70`.
  2. `switchport mode access`; `switchport access vlan 70`; `switchport voice vlan 170` on Gi1/0/15.
  3. Configure `switchport mode trunk` and force native VLAN 170.
  4. Configure only `switchport access vlan 170` and omit any voice VLAN.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Cisco access ports support a configured data access VLAN and a separate voice VLAN for a compatible IP phone. The PC uses the data VLAN 70, while the phone can tag voice traffic for 170 under its operational discovery/policy support. A trunk configuration is not necessary for this ordinary phone-plus-PC access design.

Incorrect Answers

A:

This assigns the phone voice feature to the data VLAN 70 and leaves the intended voice VLAN 170 unconfigured. The two roles are distinct.

C:

Trunk native VLAN handling is an interswitch tagging mechanism and does not implement the specifically requested access-plus-voice phone port convention. A wrongly native voice segment can expose unintended untagged traffic.

D:

This puts ordinary untagged PC traffic in 170 rather than the requested data VLAN 70. It also fails to define a separate tagged voice traffic domain.

Question 125

An engineer configures a newly requested user VLAN 25 on an access switch, assigns several ports, and finds that `show vlan brief` lacks VLAN 25. What step is missing?

  1. Turn on CDP globally as the VLAN provisioning mechanism.
  2. Change the device loopback IP address to 192.0.2.25.
  3. Create VLAN 25 in the local VLAN database and then verify member ports.
  4. Enable OSPF area 25 to create the VLAN automatically.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

An access VLAN must exist and be active on the switch before ordinary ports can forward user frames in it. The VLAN database defines that Layer 2 broadcast domain; port commands alone can leave the intended VLAN inactive or absent. Create the authorized VLAN and verify membership and any uplink carriage.

Incorrect Answers

A:

CDP advertises Cisco neighbor and platform details but does not create requested VLANs. Discovery traffic cannot substitute for a VLAN database configuration.

B:

A loopback is a routed virtual interface for management or control-plane identity. Its address has no effect on whether VLAN 25 exists on a switch.

D:

OSPF areas group routed interfaces for link-state advertisements; they are unrelated to local VLAN database creation. A network area number does not provision a Layer 2 segment.

Question 126

After a VLAN configuration change, the switch has VLAN 60 and VLAN 61. A desktop should belong to VLAN 61, but `show vlan brief` lists its switchport under VLAN 60. What direct correction should be applied?

  1. Configure the trunk native VLAN to 61 on an unrelated uplink.
  2. Change that desktop switchport access membership to VLAN 61 and verify.
  3. Rename VLAN 60 to 61 but leave its numeric VLAN ID unchanged.
  4. Enable an OSPF area on the workstation.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

An access interface assigns untagged frames to its configured data VLAN. The observed membership is 60 even though the endpoint belongs in 61, so changing the port’s access VLAN corrects the local segmentation. Verify the target VLAN is active and carried upstream before testing the endpoint’s gateway and address.

Incorrect Answers

A:

A trunk native VLAN concerns untagged frames on that trunk; it does not correct the desktop’s configured access VLAN 60 on a separate switchport.

C:

VLAN names are descriptive labels; renaming ID 60 does not place the port into ID 61. The numeric membership must be corrected.

D:

OSPF is a routing protocol and is not the ordinary mechanism for a desktop to select its untagged VLAN. The wrong Layer 2 port membership is already visible.

Question 127

A laptop is attached to an access port in VLAN 51. The VLAN was deleted by mistake and `show vlan brief` now lists it as absent, although the interface configuration still references VLAN 51. What is the least disruptive recovery?

  1. Change the access port to VLAN 1 to make the original VLAN reappear.
  2. Recreate authorized VLAN 51 in the VLAN database and verify active port and upstream carriage.
  3. Add a static IPv4 route to the missing VLAN number.
  4. Disable spanning tree globally so missing VLAN IDs pass automatically.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

An access port can retain a configured VLAN number even when the VLAN is missing or inactive locally. Restoring that VLAN definition reestablishes the intended Layer 2 forwarding domain without migrating the workstation to a different department. Verify the VLAN state and trunk support before troubleshooting host IP routing.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Changing the port to VLAN 1 moves the laptop to a different broadcast domain and does not create missing VLAN 51. That can violate segmentation policy instead of repairing it.

C:

A VLAN identifier is not an IP destination prefix or next hop. Layer 3 route changes cannot create a missing Layer 2 broadcast domain in the local VLAN database.

D:

Spanning Tree controls whether eligible Layer 2 links forward without a loop. It neither creates absent VLANs nor replaces their administrative definitions.

Question 128

A workstation connects to an access switch. `show interfaces status` reports the port as notconnect, while `show vlan brief` confirms it is correctly assigned to VLAN 20. What should be investigated before changing VLAN settings?

  1. Add another VLAN to the access port without checking the cable.
  2. Configure a static route to the workstation MAC address.
  3. Enable DHCP snooping trust on the disconnected workstation port.
  4. Check the endpoint, patch cable and physical link status, because an assigned access VLAN cannot carry traffic over a disconnected port.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

VLAN membership is configuration metadata and can be correct even when the port has no physical carrier. The `notconnect` interface state indicates a link-layer or cabling/end-station condition rather than a VLAN placement error. Verify link LEDs, media type, patch path and endpoint operation before modifying logical switch configuration.

Incorrect Answers

A:

An ordinary access port belongs to one data VLAN. Adding unrelated VLAN settings does not restore physical carrier and may create a second, independent problem.

B:

Static IP routes identify IP prefixes and next hops, not Ethernet source addresses or physical link availability. No forwarding entry can make an unplugged link come up.

C:

DHCP trust controls whether a switch accepts server-style DHCP messages from a port; it does not repair absent Ethernet signaling. Trusting a host port can also weaken security.

Question 129

A multilayer Cisco switch has `interface Vlan30` configured with the correct gateway address, but `show ip interface brief` reports its line protocol down. VLAN 30 exists, and no active Layer 2 member currently forwards that VLAN. What should be checked?

  1. Change the switch hostname to match VLAN 30.
  2. Clear the dynamic DNS cache on the upstream router.
  3. Bring up an eligible active switchport or trunk carrying VLAN 30 so the SVI can become operational.
  4. Configure a larger DHCP address pool for VLAN 30.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

On typical Cisco Catalyst switches an SVI line protocol depends on an active Layer 2 presence for that VLAN, as well as an administratively enabled interface. With no eligible forwarding member, the virtual gateway may remain down despite having an IP address. Confirm VLAN activation and the port/trunk forwarding state before troubleshooting IP routes.

Incorrect Answers

A:

The device hostname is administrative metadata and has no role in SVI autostate or VLAN line protocol. It cannot supply the missing active member port.

B:

DNS caching can affect name lookup, but it cannot transition a Catalyst SVI into an up state. The observed line-protocol problem is a local VLAN membership/autostate issue.

D:

DHCP scope size affects client address assignment, not whether the switch has a forwarding VLAN port for SVI line protocol. The gateway interface must first be operational.

Question 130

A company wants VLAN 90 clients to reach a server in VLAN 100. VLAN trunks work and each VLAN has its own IP subnet, but there is no routed gateway between them. Which configuration enables the required traffic?

  1. Add both VLANs to a trunk and assume trunking performs inter-VLAN routing.
  2. Configure reachable Layer 3 gateway interfaces or SVIs for both VLANs and enable routing.
  3. Enable port security on the server-facing switch port.
  4. Assign the same MAC address to one client in each VLAN.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

VLANs are distinct broadcast domains, so packets destined for another subnet require a routing function. A multilayer switch can create gateway SVIs for VLAN 90 and VLAN 100 and route between them, or a router-on-a-stick can supply subinterfaces. Proper host default gateways and ACL policy must also support the path.

Incorrect Answers

A:

802.1Q trunking preserves VLAN identities across links but keeps their Layer 2 traffic separate. Carrying both VLANs does not by itself produce a Layer 3 next hop between their subnets.

C:

Port security limits which MAC addresses are accepted on a port; it does not create inter-subnet routing. It may protect the server edge, but the missing function is a router gateway.

D:

Spoofing MAC addresses cannot make two IP subnets route across VLAN boundaries and risks confusing switch forwarding tables. Address duplication is not a valid gateway substitute.