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Isaca CISA Bundle

Exam Code: CISA

Exam Name Certified Information Systems Auditor

Certification Provider: Isaca

Corresponding Certification: CISA

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Isaca CISA Practice Test 90

Question 890

During a payment-platform modernization at a payment clearing organization, the IS auditor learns that disk images are collected without cryptographic integrity checks or transfer logs. The affected operation supports merchant settlement and reconciliation. Finance and settlement integrity depend on this operation. Which evidence-gathering approach is MOST aligned with the recorded exposure?

  1. Compare intended network and endpoint baselines with live configurations, rule flows and controlled connectivity checks.
  2. Examine certificate issuance, chain validation, revocation, expiry monitoring and key custody; test rejection conditions.
  3. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures.
  4. Trace selected risks through framework control objectives, accountable owners, implemented safeguards and monitoring results.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Correct. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures. The procedure directly tests the reported condition that disk images are collected without cryptographic integrity checks or transfer logs. A defensible IS audit conclusion requires relevant and reliable evidence from the actual control population and period.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.

B:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. That result could pass without demonstrating evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. It does not establish the requested evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion outcome.

Question 891

During a payment-platform modernization at a payment clearing organization, the IS auditor learns that disk images are collected without cryptographic integrity checks or transfer logs. The affected operation supports merchant settlement and reconciliation. Finance and settlement integrity depend on this operation. Which evidence would BEST support a conclusion that the exposure has been addressed?

  1. Sampled access removals, conflict checks and individually attributed privileged logs prove least privilege and separation.
  2. Dated custody logs and matching evidence hashes permit reproducible analysis from protected originals and controlled copies.
  3. Certificate tests reject invalid or revoked identities and renewal records demonstrate reliable trusted service continuity.
  4. A maintained risk-control matrix and independent operating tests show assigned controls meet defined security outcomes.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Correct. Dated custody logs and matching evidence hashes permit reproducible analysis from protected originals and controlled copies. This is stronger than a manager's verbal assurance because it can be checked against the observed issue that disk images are collected without cryptographic integrity checks or transfer logs. The reviewer must verify the remediation period and scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. That result could pass without demonstrating evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

C:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. It does not establish the requested evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion outcome.

D:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.

Question 892

During a regulatory readiness review at a municipal government, the IS auditor learns that analysts share original evidence media rather than using verified forensic copies. The affected operation supports citizen service accounts and public records. Public accountability and essential service access are affected. Which consequence would MOST directly follow if this weakness remains unresolved?

  1. Poor collection integrity or chain of custody can undermine forensic reliability and accountability.
  2. Sensitive information can leave controlled boundaries when classification, inspection coverage or response is incomplete.
  3. Facility access or environmental failure can compromise systems when protective controls and response are absent.
  4. Excessive or untraceable access can enable unauthorized transactions and defeat accountability.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Correct. Poor collection integrity or chain of custody can undermine forensic reliability and accountability. The described exception is: analysts share original evidence media rather than using verified forensic copies. This risk ties the observation to the business significance of citizen service accounts and public records, rather than treating management's claim as independent assurance.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Sensitive information can leave controlled boundaries when classification, inspection coverage or response is incomplete. It does not establish the requested evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion outcome.

C:

Facility access or environmental failure can compromise systems when protective controls and response are absent. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.

D:

Excessive or untraceable access can enable unauthorized transactions and defeat accountability. That result could pass without demonstrating evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 893

During a regulatory readiness review at a municipal government, the IS auditor learns that analysts share original evidence media rather than using verified forensic copies. The affected operation supports citizen service accounts and public records. Public accountability and essential service access are affected. Which audit procedure would provide the MOST DIRECT evidence about this control?

  1. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures.
  2. Compare intended network and endpoint baselines with live configurations, rule flows and controlled connectivity checks.
  3. Trace representative sensitive data flows against classification rules, DLP enforcement and alert triage.
  4. Inspect site entry records, physical boundaries, sensor alerts and tested power or environmental contingencies.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Correct. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures. The procedure directly tests the reported condition that analysts share original evidence media rather than using verified forensic copies. A defensible IS audit conclusion requires relevant and reliable evidence from the actual control population and period.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.

C:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. That result could pass without demonstrating evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. Acceptance here depends on observing evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion, not only that test.

Question 894

During a regulatory readiness review at a municipal government, the IS auditor learns that analysts share original evidence media rather than using verified forensic copies. The affected operation supports citizen service accounts and public records. Public accountability and essential service access are affected. Which follow-up result would BEST substantiate that the remediation operates effectively?

  1. Sampled access removals, conflict checks and individually attributed privileged logs prove least privilege and separation.
  2. Access sampling and observed environmental or failover tests demonstrate restricted entry and timely corrective response.
  3. Dated custody logs and matching evidence hashes permit reproducible analysis from protected originals and controlled copies.
  4. Negative transfer tests and investigated alerts show unauthorized disclosure is prevented or promptly detected and contained.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Correct. Dated custody logs and matching evidence hashes permit reproducible analysis from protected originals and controlled copies. This is stronger than a manager's verbal assurance because it can be checked against the observed issue that analysts share original evidence media rather than using verified forensic copies. The reviewer must verify the remediation period and scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.

B:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. That result could pass without demonstrating evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. It does not establish the requested evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion outcome.

Question 895

During a post-incident audit at a retail marketplace, the IS auditor learns that incident timestamps cannot be reconciled because the collection notes lack clock offsets. The affected operation supports customer checkout and order fulfillment. Customer transactions and market trust depend on effective control. Which weakness is MOST material to the control objective in this situation?

  1. Excessive or untraceable access can enable unauthorized transactions and defeat accountability.
  2. Encryption may fail to protect information if keys, algorithms, transport or access are poorly governed.
  3. Poor collection integrity or chain of custody can undermine forensic reliability and accountability.
  4. An unowned or paper-only control framework can create false assurance and unmitigated information risk.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Correct. Poor collection integrity or chain of custody can undermine forensic reliability and accountability. The described exception is: incident timestamps cannot be reconciled because the collection notes lack clock offsets. This risk ties the observation to the business significance of customer checkout and order fulfillment, rather than treating management's claim as independent assurance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Excessive or untraceable access can enable unauthorized transactions and defeat accountability. That change would not implement evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

B:

Encryption may fail to protect information if keys, algorithms, transport or access are poorly governed. The configuration must instead establish evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

An unowned or paper-only control framework can create false assurance and unmitigated information risk. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 896

During a post-incident audit at a retail marketplace, the IS auditor learns that incident timestamps cannot be reconciled because the collection notes lack clock offsets. The affected operation supports customer checkout and order fulfillment. Customer transactions and market trust depend on effective control. Which audit procedure would MOST directly validate the suspected control gap?

  1. Inspect key ownership and separation, configuration, rotation and recovery using authorized readback and negative tests.
  2. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures.
  3. Compare intended network and endpoint baselines with live configurations, rule flows and controlled connectivity checks.
  4. Trace selected risks through framework control objectives, accountable owners, implemented safeguards and monitoring results.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Correct. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures. The procedure directly tests the reported condition that incident timestamps cannot be reconciled because the collection notes lack clock offsets. A defensible IS audit conclusion requires relevant and reliable evidence from the actual control population and period.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The configuration must instead establish evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

C:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. That change would not implement evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 897

During a post-incident audit at a retail marketplace, the IS auditor learns that incident timestamps cannot be reconciled because the collection notes lack clock offsets. The affected operation supports customer checkout and order fulfillment. Customer transactions and market trust depend on effective control. What would an auditor MOST want to see before accepting the issue as remediated?

  1. Controlled cryptographic and recovery tests show protected secrets and authorized decryption while revoked access fails.
  2. Sampled access removals, conflict checks and individually attributed privileged logs prove least privilege and separation.
  3. Dated custody logs and matching evidence hashes permit reproducible analysis from protected originals and controlled copies.
  4. A maintained risk-control matrix and independent operating tests show assigned controls meet defined security outcomes.

Explanation

Correct Answer

C:

Correct. Dated custody logs and matching evidence hashes permit reproducible analysis from protected originals and controlled copies. This is stronger than a manager's verbal assurance because it can be checked against the observed issue that incident timestamps cannot be reconciled because the collection notes lack clock offsets. The reviewer must verify the remediation period and scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion prerequisite remains unaddressed.

B:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. It changes a different feature than evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The configuration must instead establish evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

Question 898

During an outsourced-services renewal at a logistics group, the IS auditor learns that a third-party investigator's handoff record omits who had physical custody of media. The affected operation supports freight tracking and fleet operations. Delivery commitments and partner data flow through this process. What is the MOST defensible risk conclusion from the observed condition?

  1. Excessive or untraceable access can enable unauthorized transactions and defeat accountability.
  2. Poor collection integrity or chain of custody can undermine forensic reliability and accountability.
  3. Weak trust chain validation and certificate lifecycle controls can enable impersonation or availability loss.
  4. Facility access or environmental failure can compromise systems when protective controls and response are absent.

Explanation

Correct Answer

B:

Correct. Poor collection integrity or chain of custody can undermine forensic reliability and accountability. The described exception is: a third-party investigator's handoff record omits who had physical custody of media. This risk ties the observation to the business significance of freight tracking and fleet operations, rather than treating management's claim as independent assurance.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Excessive or untraceable access can enable unauthorized transactions and defeat accountability. This observation would miss the actual evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion fault.

C:

Weak trust chain validation and certificate lifecycle controls can enable impersonation or availability loss. The decisive diagnostic evidence must instead cover evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

D:

Facility access or environmental failure can compromise systems when protective controls and response are absent. It could look normal while evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion remains unexplained.

Question 899

During an outsourced-services renewal at a logistics group, the IS auditor learns that a third-party investigator's handoff record omits who had physical custody of media. The affected operation supports freight tracking and fleet operations. Delivery commitments and partner data flow through this process. Which fieldwork step should the auditor prioritize to test the issue?

  1. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures.
  2. Compare intended network and endpoint baselines with live configurations, rule flows and controlled connectivity checks.
  3. Examine certificate issuance, chain validation, revocation, expiry monitoring and key custody; test rejection conditions.
  4. Inspect site entry records, physical boundaries, sensor alerts and tested power or environmental contingencies.

Explanation

Correct Answer

A:

Correct. Inspect seizure, imaging, hash verification, timestamp handling and custody transfers against approved forensic procedures. The procedure directly tests the reported condition that a third-party investigator's handoff record omits who had physical custody of media. A defensible IS audit conclusion requires relevant and reliable evidence from the actual control population and period.

Incorrect Answers

B:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. The decisive diagnostic evidence must instead cover evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion.

C:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. It could look normal while evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion remains unexplained.

D:

Not the most direct fieldwork procedure for these facts. This observation would miss the actual evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion fault.

Question 900

During an outsourced-services renewal at a logistics group, the IS auditor learns that a third-party investigator's handoff record omits who had physical custody of media. The affected operation supports freight tracking and fleet operations. Delivery commitments and partner data flow through this process. Which observed evidence is MOST persuasive for a controlled audit follow-up?

  1. Sampled access removals, conflict checks and individually attributed privileged logs prove least privilege and separation.
  2. Certificate tests reject invalid or revoked identities and renewal records demonstrate reliable trusted service continuity.
  3. Access sampling and observed environmental or failover tests demonstrate restricted entry and timely corrective response.
  4. Dated custody logs and matching evidence hashes permit reproducible analysis from protected originals and controlled copies.

Explanation

Correct Answer

D:

Correct. Dated custody logs and matching evidence hashes permit reproducible analysis from protected originals and controlled copies. This is stronger than a manager's verbal assurance because it can be checked against the observed issue that a third-party investigator's handoff record omits who had physical custody of media. The reviewer must verify the remediation period and scope.

Incorrect Answers

A:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. Acceptance here depends on observing evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion, not only that test.

B:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. It does not establish the requested evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion outcome.

C:

Not the strongest closure evidence for this case. The relevant success criterion is evidence appropriate to the audit conclusion; this measures a different function.